The epidermis serves 3 main functions. The first function is to protect the body from the environment, especially the sun. The second function is preventing the body from excessive water loss. The last function of the epidermis is to protect the body from infection.
The epidermis is made up of 5 cell layers. The stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale. The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis. It's function is to form a barrier to protect underlying tissues. The stratum lucidum is found only in areas of thick skin and is compose of 3-5 layers of keratinocytes. The stratum granulosum is made up of a thin layer of cells which contain keratohyalin granules, or protein structures. The stratum spinosum is where keratinization begins. And finally, the stratum basale is the deepest layer of the 5 layers and it consists of continuous layers of cells.
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